VOORSCHRIFT (n. n.)
TERM USED IN EARLY TRANSLATIONS
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De beginselen dan deser konsten die sich met de Imitatie bemoeyen, vereyschen geenen on-eyndelicken arbeydt- maer bieden haer selven in 't teghendeel vaerdighlick aen, tevreden sijnde met seer gemaetighde ende niet al te swaere voor-schriften der behoorlicker proportie.
[Suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] The principles of these arts that concern themselves with Imitation, do not demand endless effort, but by contrast offer themselves readily, content with very moderate and not too heavy instructions of adequate proportion.
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Den almoghenden God, als wesende den eenighen rijcken springh-ader alles goeds, word hier Godvruchtiglick in d’eerste plaetse gestelt; wiens oneyndelicke goedertierenheydt de herten der Ouders ghestaedighlick verweckt, om goede sorge over haere Kinderen te draeghen, ten eynde dat haere liefste panden ghetijdighlick in handen eenes goeden ende ghetrouwen Leer-meesters overghelevert sijnde, niet allen d’eerste grondslaeghen maer oock d’allerdiepste gheheymenissen der Konste van kinds beenen aen moghten indrinken. Indien het dan gheviel dat de Leerlingen haere leer-jaeren gheeyndight hebben ’t goede voorschrift der Meesters achter den rugghe bestonden te versmijten, ende haer eyghen hoofd tot naedeel van de konst te volghen, so plaght de vreese van strenghe wetten teghen de verdervers der konsten ghemaeckt dese haere onghebondenheyt krachtighlick te betoomen: indien sy daer en teghen van oprechtigheyd haerer eerster onderwijsinghe in het minste niet ghesint waeren af te wijcken, so wierden sy in desen standvastighen loop dapper ghestijft door eenen sekeren Naer-yver ofte Aemulatie, die de wackere verstanden gheen ruste liet ghenieten tot dat sy niet alleen haer Meester achterhaelden; maer ook de Meesters haerer Meesters te boven gingen.
[Suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] The almighty God, being the only rich vein of all things good, is Devoutly placed here in first place; whose endless mercy steadily causes in the hearts of Parents to take good care of their Children, lest their dearest offspring are delivered timely to the hands of a good and loyal Master, may they not only drink in the first principles but also the deepest secrets of Art from childhood on. If it then happens that the Pupils, having finished their period of training, throw away the good instruction of the Master behind his back and follow their own mind to the disadvantage of the art, then the fear of strict laws made against the corruptors of the arts is apt to strongly bound this licentiousness: however, if out of honesty they never intended to deviate from their first instruction, then they are valiantly strengthened in this firm course through a certain envy or emulation, which would not allow the mind to enjoy any rest until they would not only overtake their Master; but also surpass the Masters of their Masters.
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Galenus {Lib. V. de Hippocratis & Platonis dogmatibus} ghewaeght dat Polycletus niet alleen de regulen om een volkomen stuck-wercks te maecken in ’t schrift ghestelt heeft, maer dat hy boven dien goed vond een statue nae ’t voorschrift der voornoemder regulen te maecken. Policletus maeckte een stuck wercks, seght Plinius {Lib. XXXIV. Cap. 8.} ’t welck onder de Konstenaers eenen Canon ofte richt-snoer geheeten wordt, omdat sy den rechten treck der Konste daeruyt, als uyt een sekere wet, plagten te haelen:
[Suggested translation, Marije Osnabrugge:] Galenus {…} mentions that Polycletus has not only written down the rules to make a perfect work, but that he moreover thought it good to make a statue after the instructions of the aforementioned rules. Policletus made a piece of work, says Plinius {…} which is called a Canon or directive amongst Artists, because they can extract the right shape of Art from it, as if from a certain law:
Junius describes, citing Galen and Pliny, how the sculptor Polycletus did not only write down the rules (‘regel’) to create a perfect work of art, but that he also produced a statue that followed these same rules. This statue could henceforth serve as an example for artists. In this extract, ‘regel’ and ‘voorschrift’ are used as near-equivalents, except that ‘voorschrift’ is that which one extracts from the ‘regel’. Junius repeats this example in Book Three, page 253. [MO]
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Ten dezen einde dan begon men met de Schilderkonst en Beeldhouwery, zoekende daar in eenige voorschriften te maaken waar uit men vaste en wiskonstige regelen konde ter neder stellen, buiten dewelke men niet en kon gaan zonder van de waare order en schoonheid af te dwaalen.
[D'après DE LAIRESSE 1738, p. 518:] […] In order to which, they began with Painting and Statuary, framing some Patterns, from whence might be laid down certain and positive Rules, not to be departed from, without spoiling Order and Beauty.